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Mri background enhancement. Apr 19, 2019 · The degree of normal fibroglandular tissue that enhances on breast MRI, known as background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), was initially described as an incidental finding that could affect interpre Apr 8, 2025 · Non-mass enhancement at breast MRI is defined in the BI-RADS lexicon as an area of enhancement that does not meet criteria for a mass, such as by having nonconvex borders or intervening fat or fibroglandular tissue between the enhancing components. To examine Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast MRI refers to the normal enhancement of the fibroglandular tissue and is categorized by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) as minimal, mild, moderate, and marked. [Background parenchymal enhancement] should be considered for risk prediction models for women undergoing breast MRI. Two hundred fifty baseline high-risk Some researchers have hypothesized that back - ground parenchymal enhancement may de- crease the sensitivity of breast MRI by obscur- ing enhancing malignancies or may diminish the specificity of this tool by causing enhance- ment patterns that overlap with the appearance of cancers. May 29, 2009 · One of the things we run into are 'little bright objects'. Its role in diagnosis and management continues to evolve 13. Try it free! Jun 25, 2019 · Background The higher level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has the potential for early detection and prediction of the risk of breast cancer. Analyses of BPE on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the BPE level varies according to hormonal status and across the menstrual cycle [1]. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of background parenchymal enhancement on short-interval follow-up, biopsy, and cancer detection rate on baseline screening MRI in a high-risk group. The authors recommend using enhancement pattern descriptors already in use for breast MRI when reporting CEM studies, to promote uniformity of interpretation and reporting. 8±12. We aim to automate BPE category from DCE-MRI. This MRI of the breast has the highest sensitivity for breast cancer detection among current clinical imaging modalities and is indispensable for breast imaging practice. ” Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is assessed on breast MRI reports as mandated by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) but is prone to inter- and intra-reader variation. Background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI refers to normal enhancement of the patient's fibroglandular tissue. [4] Background parenchymal enhancement fluctuates with the menstrual cycle, being highest during weeks 1 and 4 and lowest during week 2. Oct 19, 2019 · In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is associated with breast cancer risk, but the associations between BPE and clinical characteristics and histological features are unknown. These lesions are typically stable on follow-up and are considered to be a part of the normal background enhancement pattern in the breast. In this study, Mar 1, 2022 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is the physiological phenomenon in which normal fibro-glandular tissue enhances on post-contrast breast images. Key points: ∙ High background parenchymal enhancement levels reduces breast MRI sensitivity, yielding high false positive rates especially when reporting cases of invasive lobular carcinoma [ILC]. Jul 6, 2021 · Abstract The significance of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on screening and diagnostic breast MRI continues to be elucidated. Background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI refers to normal en-hancement of the patient’s fibroglandular tissue. Feb 11, 2025 · Previous Next Reviews and Commentary Editorial Understanding Background Parenchymal Enhancement at Contrast-enhanced Mammography Priscilla J. The American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) Atlas recommends that radiologists categorize fibroglandular tissue and background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in each breast MRI report (1). A contrast-enhanced breast MRI shows that normal FGT ‘enhances’ (background parenchymal enhancement, BPE) after contrast agent is administered (Morris EA. BPE reflects the amount of enhancement in the breast tissue after contrast material administration and, per the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, fifth edition, should be classified as minimal, mild Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has been associated with increased breast cancer risk in several independent studies. Dec 7, 2020 · Abstract Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be associated with breast cancer risk, but previous studies of the association are equivocal and limited by incomplete blinding of BPE assessment. Correlating with patient history and imaging findings can help differentiate benign versus suspicious patterns of asymmetric enhancement. MRI-density is a volumetric measure of breast de The influence of menstrual cycle on the enhancement of breast parenchyma is different according to the breast composition. It often suggests the presence of lesions or abnormalities, such as benign tumors, inflammatory processes, or early tumor changes. Tumor enhancement may be included within the visual assessment of BPE, thus inflating BPE estimation May 7, 2022 · Benign background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in dynamic contrast–enhanced (DCE) MRI has been established as a sensitive marker of hormonal stimulation of the breast. The enhancement of breast fibroglandular tissue (FGT) at dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, termed background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), is currently the focus of active research interest as a potential biomarker of breast cancer risk. ” But what exactly does enhancement mean in this context? Understanding this term can help patients better grasp their medical reports and the implications for their health. Abstract Background To investigate if baseline and/or changes in contralateral background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and fibroglandular tissue (FGT) measured on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mammographic breast density (MD) can be used as imaging biomarkers for overall and recurrence-free survival in patients with invasive lobular carcinomas (ILCs) undergoing adjuvant endocrine CONTEXT Key Objective Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive tool for breast cancer detection but can be limited in patients with high levels of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). The role of dynamic contrast material–enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the breast as an adjunct to the conventional techniques of mammography and ultrasonography has been established in numerous research studies. The BPS can affect DW-MRI interpretation similarly as background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on DCE-MRI, potentially leading to false-negative DW-MRI interpretations in patients with breast cancer [6, 7]. Jun 27, 2019 · High levels of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast MRI scans are associated with a greater chance of breast cancer in high-risk women, according to a new meta-analysis published in Radiology. We present a collection of cases illustrating clues helpful for assessing asymmetric enhancement encountered on breast MRI. The level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) reflects the features of enhanced FGT. Aug 17, 2025 · When you receive an MRI report, you might come across the term “enhancement. Breast MRI is a sensitive tool for detecting small cancers. Through the addition of kinetics, MRI performs better than CEM when BPE is high. A panel of 372 MRI from 186 pathologically confirmed breast cancer Oct 18, 2024 · Yuen S, Monzawa S, Gose A, et al. Jul 5, 2016 · Background Previously, a strong positive association between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and breast cancer was reported in high-risk populations. Mild background parenchymal enhancement (MBPE), a subtle finding on breast MRI, often presents a diagnostic challenge in radiology, requiring careful evaluation to distinguish normal physiological changes from potential pathology. BPE varies widely due to menopausal status, use of exogenous hormones, and breast cancer To perform a systematic review of the methods used for background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) evaluation on breast MRI. Jan 25, 2023 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) represents contrast agent uptake in normal breast tissue and has been described primarily in the setting of breast MRI [1]. 5, 6 Despite being initially Jan 23, 2024 · Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI of cancer-free breasts increases the risk of developing breast cancer; implications of quantitative BPE in ipsilateral breasts with breast cancer are largely unexplored. A contrast-enhanced breast MRI shows that normal FGT 'enhances' (background parenchymal enhancement, BPE) after contrast agent is administered (Morris EA. Breast MRI functional tumor volume (FTV) is used to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) to improve treatment efficacy. Keywords: Background parenchymal enhancement, Breast MRI, Fibroglandular tissue, Immunohistochemistry, Microvessel density, VEGF Introduction Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used for screening and clinical management of breast cancer patients. To assess how frequently foci are identified on MRI in high-risk patients, and their association with malignancy, breast density, and background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Jan 1, 2014 · Normal parenchymal enhancement at breast MR imaging is termed background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). BPE reflects the amount of enhancement in the breast tissue after contrast material administration and, per the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, fifth edition, should be classified as minimal, mild Jan 29, 2024 · Background parenchymal enhancement is the normal enhancement of breast tissue on MR imaging after administration of intravenous contrast. Normal fibroglandular tissue within the breast may enhance, resulting in BPE. Normal parenchymal enhancement at breast MR imaging is termed background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Reflecting hormonal May 27, 2025 · The degree of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) affects how well breast MRI performs, according to research published May 27 in Radiology. They have persistent type 1 curves. However, differentiating benign and malignant lesions remains challenging, particularly for foci. However, published studies systematically penalized standard dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI because they integrated ultrafast MRI into existing DCE protocols, such that postcontrast acquisitions Sep 26, 2023 · Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has been associated with increased breast cancer risk in several independent studies. Feb 1, 2025 · Abstract Introduction Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) refers to the physiological enhancement of breast fibroglandular tissue. May 9, 2025 · Contrast enhancement is a descriptive term and does not always indicate an abnormality or specific disease. Background parenchymal enhancement and fibroglandular tissue on breast MRI in women with high genetic risk: Are changes before and after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy associated with breast cancer risk? Jul 17, 2020 · Marked enhancement of the fibroglandular tissue on contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may affect lesion detection and classification and is suggested to be associated with higher risk of developing breast cancer. Feb 15, 2022 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is assessed on breast MRI reports as mandated by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) but is prone to inter and intrareader variation. This meta-analysis was performed to assess breast cancer frequency associations with background parenchymal enhancement. MRI-density is a volumetric measure of breast density that is highly correlated with mam-mographic density, an established breast cancer risk factor. Abstract Objectives To examine the background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) levels in peri-menopausal breast MRI compared with pre- and post-menopausal breast MRI. Although hormonal regulation of BPE at breast MRI has been investigated, information regarding hormonal regulation of BPE at contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) remains scarce. This pictorial essay will demonstrate the use of breast MRI descriptors according to the BI-RADS breast MRI lexicon, to describe enhancement patterns for recombined CEM images. Abnormal enhancement describes an area that enhances above the background parenchymal enhancement on contrast-enhanced MRI sequences (2). Aug 18, 2021 · Within the past decade, background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and background parenchymal uptake (BPU) have emerged as novel imaging-derived biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of breast cancer. Feb 8, 2023 · Struggling to understand your MRI results? Learn how to decode the terms and understand key details in your report. Recent Findings The qualitative assessment of BPE remains variable within the literature, as well as in clinical practice. Firstly, it may refer to any method of exaggerating the visible difference between adjacent structures on imaging by administering contrast media/agents. Apr 1, 2022 · 1. Methods This study included 562 patients (55. The optimal time for breast MRI could be different for dense and fatty breasts. BACKGROUND. The purpose of this study was to determine whether kinetic features of UFMRI can differentiate Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) refers to the normal fibroglandular tissue enhancement subsequent to contrast administration, as observed originally on the breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of heal-thy volunteers, with uctuating enhancing foci during the fl menstrual cycle [1, 2]. Feb 6, 2025 · Yuen S, Monzawa S, Gose A, et al. At present, BPE is visually assessed by radiologists and classified on the basis of BI-RADS criteria. Furthermore, in the presence of a Dec 11, 2019 · Background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI refers to the normal contrast enhancement of fibroglandular tissue. Background enhancement is prevalent in DCE-MRI of the breast, and may decrease the specificity of breast DCE-MRI for detecting malignant lesions. Purpose Current clinical assessment qualitatively describes background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) as minimal, mild, moderate, or marked based on the visually perceived volume and intensity of enhancement in normal fibroglandular breast tissue in dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of background parenchymal enhancement on short-interval follow-up, biopsy, and can-cer detection rate on baseline screening MRI in a high-risk group. Slanetz 1,2 Author Affiliations Abstract Purpose: To assess the influence of menstrual cycle timing on background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and performance on screening breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in premenopausal women at high risk for developing breast cancer. Since it may limit clinical interpretation, this phenomenon has led to the recommendation that breast MRI not be performed during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle when background enhancement tends to be greater (7). In this multicentric study, two readers, in consensus, retrospectively Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be associated with breast cancer risk, but previous studies of the association are equivocal and limited by incomplete blinding of BPE assessment. Dec 11, 2019 · Background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI refers to the normal contrast enhancement of fibroglandular tissue. Feb 12, 2025 · New research details the effects various types of hormones have on breast imaging, highlighting the need for providers to keep radiologists informed on their patients’ use of contraceptives, hormonal therapy treatments, menopausal status and more. Radiology 2011; 260:50–60 DeMartini WB, Liu F, Peacock S, et al. When within a normal range, background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) does not warrant significant concern from radiologists. asymmetric). See full list on radiopaedia. Terminology Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI provides information about the morphology and f Aug 20, 2020 · Background To investigate if baseline and/or changes in contralateral background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and fibroglandular tissue (FGT) measured on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mammographic breast density (MD) can be used as imaging biomarkers for overall and recurrence-free survival in patients with invasive lobular carcinomas (ILCs) undergoing adjuvant endocrine treatment Jun 25, 2019 · Background The higher level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has the potential for early detection and prediction of the risk of breast cancer. BPE reflects the amount of enhancement in the breast tissue after contrast material administration and, per the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, fifth edition, should be classified as minimal, mild Jan 23, 2024 · Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI of cancer-free breasts increases the risk of developing breast cancer; implications of quantitative BPE in ipsilateral breasts with breast cancer are largely unexplored. Multiple studies published in Dec 7, 2020 · Abstract Background: Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be associated with breast cancer risk, but previous studies of the association are equivocal and limited by incomplete blinding of BPE assessment. However, high levels Breast fibroglandular tissue (FGT), as visualized on a mammogram (mammographic density, MD), is one of the strongest known risk factors for breast cancer. Jun 14, 2025 · Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) have higher sensitivity than digital mammography, especially in women with high mammographic density (MD). Dec 9, 2022 · Asymmetric enhancement post radiotherapy. This study aimed to investigate Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is assessed on breast MRI reports as mandated by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) but is prone to inter- and intra-reader variation. Although fibroglandular Background enhancement was shown to vary in pre- and post-menopausal women (6) and is routinely observed in clinical practice. The purpose of this study Background: Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is assessed on breast MRI reports as mandated by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) but is prone to inter and intrareader variation. Published data have shown that BPE has a minimal impact on interpretive performance but has Dec 24, 2024 · Background: Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) has recently gained recognition as an effective alternative to breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessing breast lesions, offering both morphological and functional imaging capabilities. MRI‐density is a volumetric measure of breast density that is highly correlated with mammographic Aug 25, 2022 · Breast tissue enhances on contrast MRI and is called background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Semi- and fully-automated BPE assessment tools have been Aug 20, 2020 · Abstract Background: To investigate if baseline and/or changes in contralateral background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and fibroglandular tissue (FGT) measured on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mammographic breast density (MD) can be used as imaging biomarkers for overall and recurrence-free survival in patients with invasive lobular carcinomas (ILCs) undergoing adjuvant endocrine Abstract We investigated automated quantitative measures of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) derived from an early versus delayed post-contrast sequence in breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for association with breast cancer presence in a case-control study. 1 day ago · However, it is unknown whether this higher relaxivity alters background extra-axial vascular enhancement. Jan 1, 2022 · Normal fibroglandular breast tissue enhances at breast MRI following the administration of gadolinium-based contrast media and is termed background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Quantitative assessment of background parenchymal enhancement in breast MRI predicts response to risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy: preliminary evaluation in a cohort of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Per BI-RADS, abnormal enhancement is characterized as a focus, mass, or non-mass enhancement (NME). Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is a routinely described feature on breast MRI scans and is a separate entity than breast density. However, the results of their relationships were conflicting. Normal enhancement of breast tissue on MR imaging is called breast parenchymal enhancement (BPE), which occurs after administration of an intravenous contrast agent. This study included screening MRI of 535 women divided into three groups based Dec 16, 2019 · Background parenchymal enhancement – the enhancement of non-tumor breast tissue – is a promising MRI biomarker that is linked to overall breast cancer risk 6, 7. Semi- and fully-automated BPE assessment tools have Nov 23, 2012 · OBJECTIVE. Growing evidence supports the role of breast parenchyma vascularity and metabolic activity as probable risk factors for breast cancer development. 85) in distinguishing women who did and did not subsequently develop breast cancer. Background The higher level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has the potential for early detection and prediction of the risk of breast cancer. Nov 2, 2024 · This article examines the role of contrast enhancement in MRI, highlighting its importance in diagnosing various medical conditions by indicating abnormal tissue and pathology. The background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is qualitatively classified according to the BI-RADS atlas into the categories “minimal,” “mild Contrast enhancement on breast MRI can be normal, such as in breast parenchymal enhancement (BPE), or abnormal. Jan 1, 2014 · The morphology and temporal degree of enhancement of pathologic breast tissue relative to normal breast tissue form the basis of MR imaging’s diagnostic accuracy in the detection and diagnosis of breast disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Breast MRI background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) can potentially serve as a prognostic marker, by possible correlation with molecular subtype. DCE-MR … Mar 9, 2018 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is the degree to which normal breast tissue enhances on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Specifically, according to the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS), BPE refers to the volume and the intensity of enhancement of normal breast tissue [4]. Feb 12, 2025 · New research shows that premenopausal status, lactation, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) all lead to higher background parenchymal enhancement grades on contrast-enhanced mammography. Sep 26, 2023 · Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has been associated with increased breast cancer risk in several independent studies. While the basis of breast MRI consists of T1-weighted contrast-enhanced imaging, T2-weighted, ultrafast, and diffusion-weighted imaging may be used to improve lesion characterization. Given the increasing utilization of DCE-MRI for breast cancer screening and assessment of treatment response, understanding the potential effects of background enhancement is an important clinical issue. This study aimed to investigate the Background parenchymal enhancement and fibroglandular tissue on breast MRI in women with high genetic risk: are changes before and after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy associated with breast cancer risk? Dec 1, 2024 · The degree of breast tissue enhancement on contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is called background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). We suggest that women with high or moderate background parenchymal enhancement at breast magnetic resonance imaging to be scheduled for more frequent follow-up and screening for breast cancer to avoid any complications. Introduction: Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) refers to the physiological enhancement of breast fibroglandular tissue. Breast "density classes" were retrospectively compared May 23, 2025 · Ultrafast MRI (UFMRI) can minimize background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), improve cancer visualization, and inform characterization of malignancy. May 27, 2025 · Background Breast MRI is the most sensitive modality for detecting breast cancer, but its diagnostic performance can be reduced by background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Methods Two reviewers independently performed a systemic literature search using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase databases for studies published up Marked enhancement of the fibroglandular tissue on contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may affect lesion detection and classification and is suggested to be associated with higher risk of developing breast cancer. May 17, 2015 · 1. The The degree of normal fibroglandular tissue that enhances on breast MRI, known as background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), was initially described as an incidental finding that could affect interpretation performance. Mar 11, 2024 · Background The higher level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has the potential for early detection and prediction of the risk of breast cancer. The ability to identify those at greatest risk can inform clinical decisions, promoting early diagnosis and potentially guiding strategies for prevention such as risk-reduction interventions with the use of selective estrogen receptor modulators and aromatase Oct 5, 2018 · In breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is the amount of fibroglandular tissue that enhances after intravenous contrast administration [1–3]. BPE is also observed on contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM), which, as with MRI, uses contrast enhancement to characterize normal breast tissue and breast lesions [2]. Feb 19, 2021 · The background parenchymal enhancement at breast magnetic resonance imaging use to predict breast cancer attracts many searchers to draw a possible relationship. Purpose To examine the association between fully obj … Sep 2, 2020 · Quantitative background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) measures from early breast MRI gadolinium-enhanced acquisitions maximized AUC values (0. However, it is not related to significant differences in positive biopsy rate, cancer yield, sensitivity, or specificity of MRI. Dec 23, 2020 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) refers to the uptake of contrast medium by normal fibroglandular breast tissue; previous descriptions of BPE primarily involved contrast-enhanced breast MRI [1], but more recent descriptions have included contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) [2]. Studies evaluating other lesion types have identified ultrafast MRI (UFMRI) parameters associated with malignancy. Dec 1, 2018 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a dynamic process, which varies among women and within the same woman over time due to different factors. In addition to FTV, background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) may predict response and was explored for HER2- patients in the I-SPY-2 TRIAL. However, conflicting findings have been reported about the association between the level of BPE at breast MRI and the presence of breast cancer. However, the lack of consensus among radiologists May 18, 2017 · We investigated automated quantitative measures of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) derived from an early versus delayed post-contrast sequence in breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for association with breast cancer presence in a case-control study. Breast MR imaging is a complementary screening tool for patients at high risk for breast cancer and has been used in the diagnostic setting. Several different quantitative approaches have been investigated in recent years, most commonly region of interest-based Abstract Background Breast MRI is the most sensitive modality for detecting breast cancer, but its diagnostic performance can be reduced by background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Jun 11, 2019 · To assess the influence of menstrual cycle timing on background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and performance on screening breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in premenopausal women at high risk for developing breast cancer. BPE is classified by its level of enhancement (minimal, mild, moderate, or marked) and symmetry (symmetric vs. However, the phenomenon of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) remains a critical consideration, as it can affect the interpretation of images by To evaluate the impact of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on diagnostic performance in screening breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Previous research has shown no significant correlation between the menstrual cycle and ADC value of normal breast FGT [8, 9, 10]. In women at high risk for breast cancer, screening magnetic resonance imaging was used to qualitatively assess the degree of background parenchymal enhancement and was found to be associated with a 9-fold increase in risk for the development of breast cancer within roughly 5 years of the index study. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), which is defined as the enhancement of normal fibroglandular tissue on contrast-enhanced dynamic breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has drawn considerable attention in recent years. BPE shows promise as a quantitative imaging biomarker (QIB). Prospectively reported background parenchymal enhancement categories of minimal, mild, moderate, or marked (anticipated BI-RADS MRI lexicon definitions) and assessments were extracted from the database for each patient. Reflecting hormonal Aug 24, 2021 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is a routinely described feature on breast MRI scans and is a separate entity than breast density. 77–0. AJR 2012; 198:[web]W373–W380 HamblyNM, Liberman L, Dershaw DD, Brennan S, Morris EA. 3 years) who underwent contrast-enhanced dynamic breast MRI between 2011 and 2015 for clinical indications. The degree of normal fibroglandular tissue that enhances on breast MRI, known as background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), was initially described as an incidental finding that could affect interpretation performance. Quantitative BPE measures yielded significantly higher AUC values compared with the radiologist-assigned BPE Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is the degree to which normal breast tissue enhances on contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Three years after left breast conservation surgery and radiotherapy, a slice from a post-contrast sequence of the dynamic series (a) demonstrates asymmetric enhancement of the fibroglandular tissue with reduced enhancement in the irradiated left breast. The asymmetric nature and distribution of background parenchymal enhancement in the contralateral Jan 21, 2014 · Purpose To investigate whether mammographic breast densities and the respective degree of MRI background enhancement would correlate. Feb 8, 2023 · Contrast enhancement is a ubiquitous term in radiology and can be used in three ways. Although fibroglandular Aug 15, 2018 · Abstract Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is the degree to which normal breast tissue enhances on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Jul 1, 2025 · However, background enhancement decreased significantly on a later screening MRI, which helped highlighted asymmetric left breast enhancement (Fig 10 a). Mar 12, 2023 · To evaluate the influence of menstrual cycle timing on quantitative background parenchymal enhancement and to assess an optimal timing of breast MRI in premenopausal women. Background parenchymal enhancement was initially deemed probably benign and followed or thought of as an artifact degrading the accuracy of breast cancer detection on breast MRI examinations. Reflecting hormonal Mar 11, 2024 · Objectives This review aimed to assess the predictive value of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as an imaging biomarker for pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). ∙Treatment of ILC with endocrine therapy reduces background parenchymal enhancement and thus could decrease these false-positive interpretations. MRI-density is a volumetric measure of breast density that is highly correlated with mammographic density, an established breast cancer risk factor. Interact with scrollable cases, watch microlearning videos, and earn CME. Gain confidence evaluating Breast MRI with Medality (formerly MRI Online). A waiver of authorization was granted by the institutional Feb 11, 2025 · Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is an important diagnostic and prognostic imaging biomarker. On breast MRI, BPE is typically portrayed as having a “cortical ” or “picture framing Oct 25, 2021 · A common challenge in the interpretation of breast magnetic reso-nance imaging (MRI) examinations is evaluating whether foci of enhancement are suspicious or simply a part of background paren-chymal enhancement. Some degree of enhancement is also seen in normal breast tissue—termed background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). We examined the relationship between BPE and the amount of fibroglandular tissue on MRI (MRI-FGT) and breast cancer risk factors … Sep 30, 2021 · Objectives: To evaluate the association of breast cancer with both the background parenchymal enhancement intensity and volume (BPE I and BPE V, respectively) and the amount of fibroglandular tissue (FGT) using an automatic quantitative assessment method in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and methods: A total of 468 women underwent standard full-field digital mammography and dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI in our institution. While BPE is now established to be a physiologic phenomenon that is affected by bo … Mild enhancement on MRI indicates a slight increase in signal intensity after the administration of a contrast agent. Mar 19, 2019 · The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast cancer risk across different high-risk patient populations undergoing screening breast MRI. Dec 12, 2023 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is defined as the enhanced proportion of normal fibroglandular tissue on enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. To assess the relationship between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and fibroglandular tissue (FGT) proportion on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hormone receptor expression and molecular subtypes in invasive breast cancer. Sep 27, 2021 · Purpose of Review To present recent literature regarding the assessment and clinical implications of background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI. Jul 30, 2024 · Introduction Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) refers to the normal fibroglandular tissue enhancement subsequent to contrast administration, as observed originally on the breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of healthy volunteers, with fluctuating enhancing foci during the menstrual cycle [1, 2]. The purpose of our study was to evaluate whether strong background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) would be a significant independent factor associated with positive resection margin in patients treated initially with breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Having high BPE has been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. We sought to determine, whether this was also true for non-high-risk patients. We hypothesized that gadopiclenol, despite its lower dose, would increase background enhancement on post-contrast pediatric brain MRI compared to gadoterate meglumine (Gd-DOTA). Preibsch H, Wanner L, Bahrs SD, et al. The Breast Imaging Repor Jul 1, 2025 · This study investigates how background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) impacts diagnostic performance in interpretation of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) for breast cancer diagnosis. However, the implications of the degree of BPE in diagnostic evaluation remain controversial due to conflicting evidence. OBJECTIVE. Try it free! Breast MR imaging is a complementary screening tool for patients at high risk for breast cancer and has been used in the diagnostic setting. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to accurately evaluate the fibroglandular tissue (FGT) in three dimensions with a dynamic contrast-enhanced technique. Studies dealing with BPE assessment on breast MRI were retrieved from major medical libraries independently by four reviewers Focus and Foci Focus is defined by BI-RADS as abnormal enhancement measuring less than 5mm in diameter that is too small to characterize and cannot be categorized as a mass or non-mass enhancement (1) (Figure 1). Jun 2, 2025 · Breast MRI is the most sensitive method (>90%) for the detection of breast cancer. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) as rated by radiologists is subject to inter- and intrareader variability. Nov 1, 2018 · Figure 3 shows the spectrum of normal background parenchymal enhancement that can be seen at CEM. What is contrast image enhancement? Contrast enhancement allows us to see differences between normal tissues in the body to a greater degree. 2. At present, BPE is visually assessed by radiolo-gists and classified on the basis of BI-RADS criteria Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is a routinely described feature on breast MRI scans and is a separate entity than breast density. Purpose To evaluate the association between qualitative and quantitative BPE at Jul 1, 2015 · Similar to breast density at mammography, the level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI after contrast material administration are features of normal breast tissue. However, variability of subjective BPE assessments have precluded its use in clinical practice. Epidemiology Background parenchymal enhancement is more common in younger patients with dense breasts 1,8. The possible association between BPE May 7, 2019 · Discussion of MRI contrast enhancement techniques in breast cancer screening, while thinking of lost love. Normal structures like organs demonstrate enhancement as do abnormalities throughout the body. MRI breast is increasingly used for imaging as unlike mammography, the sensitivity of MRI breast is not affected by breast density but rather, the amount of background enhancement. Jun 25, 2019 · Background The higher level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has the potential for early detection and prediction of the risk of breast cancer. Dec 7, 2020 · After administration of the contrast agent during a breast MRI examination, FGT enhances to varying degrees, a phenomenon known as background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Although BPE was initially considered an incidental finding that could decrease breast MRI specificity and increase the frequency of biopsy recommendation [1], BPE is currently thought to have a mild impact on breast MRI interpretation [2 Mild background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast MRI refers to slight normal tissue uptake of contrast, reflecting hormonal influences or vascularity. Jan 1, 2022 · Normal fibroglandular breast tissue enhances at breast MRI following the administration of gadolinium-based contrast media and is termed background pa… Mar 3, 2025 · This study investigates how background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) impacts diagnostic performance in interpretation of contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) for breast cancer diagnosis. Aug 30, 2022 · The American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) Atlas recommends that radiologists categorize fibroglandular tissue and background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in each breast MRI report (1). Both normal and abnormal breast tissue enhances after contrast material intravenous injection at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but the morphology and the dynamic enhancement features represent the basis for breast cancer detection. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is the degree to which normal breast tissue enhances on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is associated with breast cancer risk, but the associations between BPE and clinical characteristics and histological features are unknown. BPE is stronger in premenopausal women and in women undergoing hormone replacement therapy [2,3 Sep 2, 2020 · Quantitative background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) measures from early breast MRI gadolinium-enhanced acquisitions maximized AUC values (0. Oncotype Dx, a gene assay, is a prognostic and predictive surrogate for tumor aggressiveness and Jan 1, 2014 · The morphology and temporal degree of enhancement of pathologic breast tissue relative to normal breast tissue form the basis of MR imaging’s diagnostic accuracy in the detection and diagnosis of breast disease. Nov 23, 2012 · A review of our established MRI data identified all women undergoing breast MRI from March 1, 2006, through June 30, 2007. The current categories used are similar to those used for background parenchymal enhancement at breast MRI: minimal, mild, moderate, and marked. Mammographic breast density is coded to communicate how likely a Previously, a strong positive association between background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and breast cancer was reported in high-risk populations. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) refers to the physiological contrast enhancement of breast fibroglandular tissue during perfusion imaging. Diagnostic breast MR imaging: current status and future directions. We evaluated the BPE level, amount of fibroglandular tissue (FGT), and Predictive Value of Breast MRI Background Parenchymal Enhancement for Neoadjuvant Treatment Response among HER2- Patients Authors: Arasu VA | PubMed abstract Explore all publications Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) of normal tissue at breast magnetic resonance imaging is suggested to be an independent risk factor for breast cancer. Background parenchymal enhancement in breast MRI before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: correlation with tumour response. org May 29, 2025 · A new meta-analysis shows that the presence of moderate or marked background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) significantly compromises the sensitivity and specificity of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To examine the relationships between breast cancer and both amount of fibroglandular tissue (FGT) and level of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. FGT is also visible on breast MRI, and increased background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in the May 14, 2025 · This Editorial Comment discusses the AJR article: Novel Wash-In Characteristics of Background Parenchymal Enhancement on Ultrafast Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Breast MRI. Impact of background parenchymal enhancement levels on the diagnosis of contrast-enhanced digital mammography in evaluations of breast cancer: comparison with contrast-enhanced breast MRI. To evaluate the impact of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on diagnostic performance in screening breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods 540 consecutive patients underwent breast MRI for assessment of breast findings (BI-RADS 0–5, non-high-risk Background Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) at breast MRI has been associated with increased breast cancer risk in several independent studies. These foci are enhancing areas of less than 5mm in diameter and are too small to characterize. We investigated the association between LNG-IUD use and BPE in breast MRI to further explore possible systemic effects of LNG-IUDs. May 6, 2025 · Background Ultrafast breast MRI promises to improve conspicuity of cancers by avoiding masking due to background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) and to improve classification of enhancing lesions. Its association with To compare the quantitative background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in women with different lifetime risks and BRCA mutation status of breast cancer using screening MRI. Mammographic breast density was scored according to the American College of Radiology-classification; background enhancement in MRI was scored on a 4-point scale from absent to severe. May 25, 2020 · MRI background parenchymal enhancement, breast density and breast cancer risk factors: A cross-sectional study in pre- and post-menopausal women Article Open access 25 August 2022 To evaluate the impact of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on breast MRI and pathological tumor responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients. What is Non-Mass Enhancement (NME)? Gain confidence evaluating Breast MRI with Medality (formerly MRI Online). Normal enhancement of breast tissue on MR imaging is called breast parenchymal enhancement (BPE), which occurs after administration of an intravenous contrast … To evaluate the prognostic value of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in women referred to radiological department as a high risk for breast cancer. Background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI: impact on diagnostic performance. Further studies are needed to understand the basis of BPE in post-menopausal women. Two hundred fifty baseline high-risk Oct 1, 2023 · To evaluate the influence of menstrual cycle timing on quantitative background parenchymal enhancement and to assess an optimal timing of breast MRI i… Aug 30, 2022 · Mild, moderate, or marked background parenchymal enhancement on surveillance magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reportedly doubles the risk of second breast cancer in women who have had surgery for primary breast cancer. BPE is characterized as minimal, mild, moderate, or marked. 3 In this article, we focus on the BI-RADS descriptors for NME and examples of associated outcomes. BPE may vary in degree and distribution in different patients as well as in the same patient over time. The MRI signal from normal FGT also enhances to varying degrees and is called background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Studies Oct 3, 2011 · This is analogous to mammographic breast tissue density in that breasts with greater background enhancement (or greater density in mammography) may limit accuracy of underlying lesion detection. We sought to determine, whether this was also true for Abstract Objectives: In magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is associated with breast cancer risk, but the associations between BPE and clinical characteristics and histological features are unknown. Sep 24, 2019 · Performing breast MRIs early in patients’ menstrual cycles does not reliably reduce background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) or improve screening MRI performance, according to a study published in the September 2019 issue of the Journal of Breast Imaging. BPE was originally described by early dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI papers that recognized a fluctuating enhancement in consecutive breast MRI scans of healthy volunteers throughout the menstrual cycle. May 18, 2017 · We investigated automated quantitative measures of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) derived from an early versus delayed post-contrast sequence in breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for association with breast May 27, 2025 · Background Breast MRI is the most sensitive modality for detecting breast cancer, but its diagnostic performance can be reduced by background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). Apr 1, 2019 · To evaluate the distribution of MRI breast parenchymal enhancement (BPE) among different breast cancer subtypes searching for any significant differen… Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) describes the natural phenomenon observed on breast MRI in which normal breast tissue demonstrates signal enhancement re-lated to uptake of intravenous contrast. This article will break down the concept of enhanc Dec 11, 2019 · Background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI refers to the normal contrast enhancement of fibroglandular tissue. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) refers to the uptake of contrast medium by normal fibroglandular breast tissue; previous descriptions of BPE primarily involved contrast-enhanced breast MRI [1], but more recent descriptions have included con-trast-enhanced mammography (CEM) [2]. MR-guided biopsy of the left breast NME yielded high-grade DCIS. With contrast breast MRI one compares a baseline MRI with the one taken shortly after the contrast agent is administered; and breast tumors show marked ‘enhancement’ in the post-contrast MRI. BPE reflects the amount of enhancement in the breast tissue after contrast material administration and, per the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, fifth edition, should be classified as mini-mal Background parenchymal enhancement at breast MR imaging and breast cancer risk. Terminology Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI provides information about the morphology and f Oct 31, 2024 · Background Parenchymal Enhancement (BPE) on breast MRI holds promise as an imaging biomarker for breast cancer risk and prognosis. MR imaging improves the Sep 19, 2023 · Background parenchymal enhancement and fibroglandular tissue on breast MRI in women with high genetic risk: Are changes before and after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy associated with breast cancer risk? Apr 19, 2019 · The degree of normal fibroglandular tissue that enhances on breast MRI, known as background parenchymal enhancement (BPE), was initially described as an incidental finding that could affect interpre Jan 23, 2019 · The investigators concluded, “ [Background parenchymal enhancement] is associated with future invasive breast cancer risk independent of breast density. It also explores how contrast agents improve the visibility of internal structures. Contrast enhancement of normal breast tissue (other than breast tumors) in DCE-MRI is known as background parenchymal enhance-ment (BPE), which has been reported to be associated with breast This retrospective study assessed the effects of menopausal status and menstrual cycle on background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and investigated whether the degree of BPE can be predicted by findings of Aug 24, 2021 · Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is a routinely described feature on breast MRI scans and is a separate entity than breast density. Introduction A common challenge in the interpretation of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations is evaluating whether foci of enhancement are suspicious or simply a part of background parenchymal enhancement. This study aimed to determine the agreement of BPE evaluation between contrast enhanced mammography (CEM) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and investigate potential confounders. Recognizing background paren- chymal enhancement and distinguishing it from suspicious findings are potentially Aug 25, 2022 · Breast tissue enhances on contrast MRI and is called background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). However, high background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) can mask small lesions. Breast tissue enhances on contrast MRI and is called background parenchymal enhancement (BPE). 1 BPE increases with contrast, and the levels seen on a breast MRI can fluctuate during menstrual cycles. Quantitative BPE measures yielded significantly higher AUC values compared with the radiologist-assigned BPE Nov 23, 2012 · OBJECTIVE. Abstract. Any degree of background Jan 28, 2018 · Wu S, Weinstein SP, DeLeo MJ, Conant EF, Chen J, Domchek SM, Kontos D. Feb 4, 2021 · Purpose: Breast MRI background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) can potentially serve as a prognostic marker, by possible correlation with molecular subtype. 1539 Background: Increased breast density increases breast cancer risk. Oncotype Dx, a gene assay, is a prognostic and predictive surrogate for tumor aggressiveness and treatment response. Apr 1, 2019 · To evaluate the distribution of MRI breast parenchymal enhancement (BPE) among different breast cancer subtypes searching for any significant differen… Apr 20, 2011 · Purpose: To present a novel technique for measuring tissue enhancement in breast fibroglandular tissue regions on contrast‐enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) aimed at quantifying the e Background parenchymal enhancement – the enhancement of non-tumor breast tissue – is a promising MRI biomarker that is linked to overall breast cancer risk 6, 7. . Background Parenchymal Enhancement (BPE) – Hormonally Mediated Best performed on days 7-15 of menstrual cycle (proliferative phase) Contrast-enhanced MRI uses an intravenously injected contrast agent, to help visualize tumors through the identification of distinct patterns of contrast dispersion 10, 11. Its variation during NAC has been related to pathological response or patient outcome 8, 9. Minimal or mild BPE is tied to higher sensitivity and specificity, while moderate or marked BPE is linked to lower diagnostic performance, suggest findings by Sonja Bechyna, MD, and Pascal Baltzer, MD, from the Medical University of Vienna in Austria. Although BPE is a biomarker for breast cancer risk, wash-in characteristics of BPE are unknown. BPE has profound implications for women with or at risk of breast cancer. It is common and usually not indicative of cancer. Such multiparametric assessment of breast Increased background parenchymal enhancement on breast MRI is associated with younger patient age and higher abnormal interpretation rate. bs71 5zpie fktbfle rcds kis0 tuw mng3p pw4r9 lhba ucdm